What is the fate of graphene?

What exactly is graphene?

Graphene was the first material ever discovered to consist of a single layer of atoms. The carbon atoms are connected to each other in a hexagonal grid. The graphite used in the pencil is equivalent to the stacking of countless layers of graphene, and the carbon nanotube is the graphene rolled into a tube.

The relationship between graphite, graphene, carbon nanotubes, and spherulene. Due to the properties of the chemical bonds between carbon atoms, graphene is very tough: it can be bent to large angles without breaking, and it can also withstand high pressures. And because there is only one layer of atoms, the movement of electrons is confined to a plane, giving it entirely new electrical properties. Graphene is transparent in visible light, but not breathable. These characteristics make it ideal as a raw material for protective layers and transparent electronics.

But it is suitable for the right, and it is really not that fast.

What are the main current problems with graphene?

One of the problems: the preparation method.

The second problem: electrical performance.

The third problem: environmental risks.

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What is the fate of graphene?

In view of the fact that there have been no new breakthroughs in the academic world in the past few months, the recent wave of sudden "hotness" may be essentially the result of hype of capital operation and should be treated with caution. As an industrial technology, graphene appears to have many hurdles to overcome. Novoselov pointed out that the current application of graphene is still limited by material production, so those products that use the lowest and cheapest graphene (such as graphene oxide nanoparticles) will be the first to be available, which may only take a few years; But those products that rely on high-purity graphene could be decades away from developing. Novoselov remains skeptical about whether it can replace the existing product line.

On the other hand, if the commercial world exaggerates its magic, it may lead to the graphene industry becoming a bubble; if it bursts, then perhaps technological and industrial progress will not be able to save it. Science author Philip Barr once wrote "Don't expect miracles from graphene" in The Guardian, pointing out that all materials have their application: steel is hard and heavy, wood is light but perishable, even if it seems "universal" In fact, the plastic is also a variety of very different polymers. Graphene is bound to play a huge role, but there is no reason to think it could be a miracle material and change the world. Or, in Novoselov’s own words: “The true potential of graphene can only be fully realized in entirely new fields of application: those designed with this material property in mind, rather than replacing existing ones. Other materials in the product." As for whether the current new fields such as printable and foldable electronics, foldable solar cells, and supercapacitors can realize their potential, let us wait and see calmly.

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